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Home > Legal & Regulatory docs.

Appellanten v Bolivariaanse Republiek Venezuela - Gerechtshof Den Haag Zaaknummer 200.80.055/01 - Dutch - (Armas, Gruber) 19 January 2020

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Country
  • Netherlands
  • Spain
  • Venezuela
Year

2020

Summary

Vordering tot vernietiging arbitraal vonnis waarbij arbiters zich onbevoegd hebben verklaard. Vordering afgewezen. Onbevoegdverklaring van arbiters kan niet worden vernietigd op grond van art. 1065 Rv.

...

Feiten

3. Aan de dagvaarding en het Arbitraal Vonnis ontleent het hof het volgende:

a. [appellanten] behoren tot een familie afkomstig van de Canarische eilanden. Een aantal van hen is in de jaren 1950 en 1960 verhuisd naar Venezuela. Daar hebben zij een voedseldistributiebedrijf overgenomen, dat zij in de jaren daarna hebben uitgebouwd. Het familiebedrijf, waar eisers allemaal aandeelhouder van zijn of waren, omvat meerdere vennootschappen en is actief in het supermarktwezen, horeca en onroerend goed.

[appellanten] hebben zowel de Venezolaanse als de Spaanse nationaliteit. Een aantal van hen is in Venezuela geboren, anderen hebben in de loop der tijd de Venezolaanse nationaliteit aangenomen. Zij hebben echter ook allen de Spaanse nationaliteit behouden.

De Republiek Venezuela heeft de eigendommen van [appellanten] in 2010 onteigend, zonder [appellanten] daarvoor een vergoeding te betalen.

De Republiek Venezuela en het Koninkrijk Spanje hebben in 1995 een bilateraal investeringsverdrag gesloten (in de Engelse vertaling van het Spaanse origineel, waarnaar het hof in dit arrest verwijst, genaamd "Agreement between the Kingdom of Spain and the Republic of Venezuela on the reciprocal promotion and protection of investments", hierna te noemen: het Verdrag). Artikel I, eerste lid onder (a) van het Verdrag bevat de volgende definitie van het begrip investeerder ("investor"):

"Any physical person who possesses the nationality of one Contracting Party pursuant to its legislation and makes investments in the territory of the other Contracting Party."

Artikel XI van het Verdrag bevat de volgende geschillenregeling:

"1. The details of any dispute which may arise between an investor of one Contracting Party and the other Contracting Party concerning the fulfilment by that Party of the obligations established in this Agreement shall be notified in writing by the investor to the Contracting Party receiving the investment. As far as possible, the parties to the dispute shall try to settle their differences by amicable agreement.

2. If a dispute cannot be settled in this way within a time limit of six months from the date of the written notification referred to in paragraph 1, it shall be submitted, at the investor's choice:

(a) to the competent courts of the Contracting Party in whose territory the investment was made, or

(b) to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) established under the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States (...), provided that both States parties to this Agreement have acceded to the Convention. If either Contracting Party has not acceded to the Convention, recourse shall be had to the Additional Facility for the administration of conciliation, arbitration and fact-finding procedures by the ICSID secretariat.

3. If for any reason the arbitral bodies referred to in paragraph 2(b) of this article are not available, or if the two parties so agree, the dispute shall be submitted to an ad hoc court of arbitration established in accordance with the arbitration rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law.

[appellanten] hebben op 1 juni 2015 een arbitrage aanhangig gemaakt tegen de Republiek Venezuela op grond van de arbitrageregels van de United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). De plaats van arbitrage is Den Haag. In de arbitrage vorderen [appellanten] van de Republiek Venezuela een schadevergoeding van circa $ 240.000.000,- wegens onrechtmatige onteigening. De Republiek Venezuela heeft een exceptie van onbevoegdheid opgeworpen. Daarop heeft het scheidsgerecht besloten eerst de vraag van zijn eigen bevoegdheid te behandelen en de merites van de vorderingen van [appellanten] in een volgend stadium te beoordelen.

In het Arbitraal Vonnis heeft het scheidsgerecht zich onbevoegd verklaard om kennis te nemen van de vorderingen van [appellanten]

...

Armas, Gruber, ICSID, UNCITRAL, PCA Case No. 2013-3

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