Introduction

The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, it compares the existing EU IIAs with member states' (MS) BITs in order to present a clear picture of investment treaty making in the EU to date. In particular, we look at treaty numbers and the number of country relationships that they create, examine typical treaty content and review dispute settlement activity under both types of agreements. Secondly, the paper looks at the possible directions of future EU investment policies. The European Union, a bloc of countries with a long-standing commitment to human rights, environmental ...