Introduction

France has high potential to become a European leader in offshore wind with the largest coastal area in Europe and a potential of installed capacity of 30GW. However, currently only a single 2MW demonstrator is connected to the grid and French government is reconsidering the projects awarded during the two tender rounds in 2012 and 2014, claiming they are too expensive compared to current projects in other European countries. In addition, these projects which represent a total capacity of 3GW have not reached Final Investment Decision yet, as there are pending legal appeals against the ...