Executive Summary

(December 2022, minor revisions 06/02/2023) The following article discusses the changes in investment protections resulting from the 2018 adoption of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), a new treaty between the three neighboring countries, to replace the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It begins with an introduction to NAFTA, its contributions to the field of international investment law, and the emergence and rise of USMCA. The article then follows with a comparative legal analysis of the modifications to investment ...