Executive Summary

The rapid growth of bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs) has brought about novel opportunities to enhance consistency between international climate and economic law. Provisions aimed at promoting trade in environmental goods and ensuring consistency with climate change objectives can be increasingly found in recent FTAs and Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). This is in sharp contrast with the scarce attention such issues have received in multilateral trade agreements, as well as in earlier BITs. Despite such progress, the fragmented landscape of FTAs and BITs ...