Executive summary

International economic sanctions have increasingly affected commerce over the last decades and, consequently, have now become a frequent staple of international arbitration disputes. Accordingly, arbitral tribunals have had to examine their scope and consequences in settling commercial disputes. However, because of the public law nature of sanctions, questions related to their impact on arbitration proceedings have legitimately been raised. While the arbitrability of disputes has not been affected by international sanctions, their overriding mandatory nature has raised questions as to ...