Abstract

(Addendum 22/10/2025) This paper addresses the urgent need for reforming Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) in Pakistan to align with climate change objectives, amidst the country’s vulnerability to climate impacts and the necessity for sustainable economic growth. Climate change poses significant threats to Pakistan, evidenced by extreme weather events and shifting agricultural patterns, which necessitate a robust legal framework that integrates environmental sustainability with foreign investment. The study critically examines Pakistan’s existing legal instruments, ...