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San Miguel Holdings Corp. - Atlantic Aurum Investments BV v Padma Fund LP - PT Citra Lamtoro Gung Persada - PT Bhaskara Duniajaya - PT Matrasarana Arsitama - Gerechtshof Amsterdam Zaaknummer 200-295-613-01 - Dutch - 29 November 2022

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Country
  • Cayman Islands
  • Indonesia
  • Netherlands
  • Philippines
Year

2022

Summary

Verzoek van SMHC c.s. tot erkenning van twee buitenlandse arbitrale vonnissen en tot tenuitvoerlegging van een daarvan. Geen consequenties verbonden aan het ontbreken van een originele of behoorlijk gewaarmerkte arbitrageovereenkomst. Aankondiging inschakeling van het Internationaal Juridisch Instituut n.a.v. het verweer van Padma dat zij naar het recht van de Kaaimaneilanden geen rechtspersoon is, geen drager van rechten en verplichtingen kan zijn en niet in rechte kan optreden. Voornemen van het hof om, als blijkt dat voormeld verweer gegrond is en het verzoek jegens Padma niet kan worden toegewezen, als belanghebbenden op te roepen de (rechts)personen, onder welke benaming dan ook, op wie het laatste arbitrale vonnis, indien dat wordt erkend en verlof tot tenuitvoerlegging daarvan zal worden verleend, (uiteindelijk) ten uitvoer kan worden gelegd. Partijen mogen zich over een en ander uitlaten.

...

"34 GOVERNING LAW AND DISPUTES

34.1.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Netherlands.

34.1.2 If any dispute involving this Agreement and any of its terms should arise, the Parties shall attempt to settle such dispute amicably. If the parties fail or are unable to reach an amicable settlement (...) the dispute shall be referred to and finally resolved by arbitration in Singapore in accordance with the Arbitration Rules (...) of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre (...) for the time being in force, which rules are deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Clause.

(...)

34.1.4 (...) Each of the Parties hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the said arbitral tribunal and acknowledges its competence, and it hereby agrees that the judgment rendered against it in any such arbitral proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in any jurisdiction by suit on the judgment (...) or by such other means provided by law.

(...)"

- f) Padma c.s. zijn op 10 maart 2016 tegen SMHC c.s. op grond van de zojuist geciteerde clausule een arbitrageprocedure begonnen voor het Singapore International Arbitration Centre (hierna ook: SIAC) te Singapore. In deze procedure hebben Padma c.s. onder meer aangevoerd dat Padma eigenaar van het 44%-belang in AAIBV is gebleven, omdat de aandelenoverdracht in 2015 in strijd is met het bepaalde in artikel 3:84 lid 3 van het Burgerlijk Wetboek (BW), het zogeheten fiduciaverbod, en daarom ongeldig is.

- g) Bij gedeeltelijk arbitraal eindvonnis van 16 november 2020 (hierna ook: het arbitrale vonnis van 16 november 2020) hebben de arbiters (onder meer) deze stelling verworpen en als volgt beslist:

"a. The Tribunal has jurisdiction over the Parties' dispute;

b. The 2015 Share Transfer from Padma to SMHC is valid and effective;

c. SMHC reasonably withheld its consent to Padma's proposal to assign the Option under the 2015 Option Letter to PCMBV;

d. SMHC reasonably withheld its consent to the BDO Loan security arrangement proposed by Padma;

e. Padma's option to purchase the Shares under the 2015 Option Letter terminated on 24 November 2015;

f. The costs of the arbitration and of this Award and the Respondents' [SMHC c.s.; hof] entitlement to post-award interest, unless agreed by the Parties, shall be dealt with in a further award or awards in accordance with procedural directions to be issued by the Tribunal; and

g. All of the Parties' other claims and requests for relief are rejected."

(h) Bij arbitraal eindvonnis van 30 april 2021 (hierna ook: het arbitrale vonnis van 30 april 2021) hebben de arbiters verder als volgt beslist:

"(a) The Claimants [Padma c.s.; hof] shall fully bear the costs of the arbitration in the amount of SGD [Singapore dollar; hof] 3,797,345.51, and shall reimburse the Respondents for any sums paid by the Respondents towards the costs of the arbitration, less any refunds received by the Respondents from the SIAC.

(b) The Claimants shall pay the Respondents' legal and other costs in the sum of:

- USD 9,910,700.01

- EUR 1,940,495.54;

- PHP [Filipijnse peso; hof] 27,171,546.36;

- SGD 108,039.61;

- GBP 196,816.36; and

- HKD [Hong Kong dollar; hof] 8,871.80.

(c) The Claimants shall pay compound interest at a rate of 5.33%, with annual rest, on all sums awarded in this Final Award, from its date until full payment.

(d) All other relief sought by the Parties is denied."

- i) Beide arbitrale vonnissen zijn onherroepelijk: er is geen rechtsmiddel tegen ingesteld (dat was ook niet mogelijk) en er is geen vernietiging van gevorderd.

- j) Op 9 maart 2021 heeft (alleen) Padma bij het SIAC een nieuwe arbitrage tegen SMHC c.s. aanhangig gemaakt (verder ook: de nieuwe arbitrage). Deze arbitrage loopt nog.

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